International trade flow

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• The United States (U.S.) continues to be Canada's largest international trade partner for both environmental and clean technology (ECT) exports ($15.4 billion) and imports ($19.1 billion), accounting for 78% and 65% of ECT trade respectively in 2023.
• The proportion of Canadian clean technology exports – a subset of the broader ECT trade category - destined for the U.S. (78%) was greater than the proportion of total Canadian imports from the U.S. (53%) in 2023.
  • In the U.S., the state of Michigan was the top export destination for Canadian cleantech products, representing 17.5% of the total value of clean technology exports to the U.S. in 2023, followed by Texas (5.7%) and Illinois (5.6%).
  • California was the leading state for cleantech imports to Canada, accounting for 23.2% of the total imports value in 2023, followed by Alabama (15.2%) and Texas (9.8%).
• European trading partners collectively remained the second largest export destination for Canadian clean technology products, representing 10.7% in 2023.
• Asia was the second largest origin for clean tech imports into Canada, accounting for 31.6% of Canada's total clean technology imports in 2023.