Intent
In August 2023, Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada (ISED) released the Spectrum Outlook 2023–2027 (the Outlook), outlining ISED's vision and priorities for managing Canada's radio spectrum over a five-year period. The Outlook provides stakeholders with ISED's plans to support the efficient allocation and use of spectrum, advance Canada's connectivity goals, and enable innovation across the digital economy.
Radio spectrum is a rapidly evolving area. ISED recognizes the need to keep stakeholders informed with regular updates in addition to our five-year Outlook. These updates offer greater transparency, keeping Canadians and industry stakeholders informed on the latest developments in spectrum policy and priorities. They also help identify key topics that will be the focus of public consultations over the next two years.
This 2026 update provides an overview of ISED's current policy priorities. The following are key areas ISED is focusing on.
Reducing red tape in spectrum regulation
Budget 2025 emphasized the government's commitment to increasing government efficiency and improving operations. This includes streamlining low-risk internal processes, modernizing outdated requirements, and eliminating unnecessary reporting requirements. In support of these objectives, ISED will take steps to reduce red tape in the spectrum management program.
Modernizing the Spectrum Licence Transfer Policy Framework: Since the introduction of the Framework in 2013, the spectrum landscape and wireless market has evolved considerably. The current Framework is due for an update. As such, in 2023, ISED put a moratorium on certain spectrum licence transfers pending a review of the Framework, including a comprehensive public consultation. In 2026, ISED will launch a consultation on proposed changes to ensure that the Framework remains effective and relevant in the current context and in the years to come. In addition, ISED will look to make it easier and faster to transfer spectrum licences. These changes would streamline processes for low-risk transfers and administrative changes and help new and smaller telecom providers to access spectrum, fostering competition and innovation.
Streamlining tower siting processes: ISED is exploring ways to simplify regulations for the deployment of telecommunications infrastructure nationwide. In May 2026, ISED launched a consultation on a streamlined process for tower siting, which will allow providers to quickly invest in infrastructure to support improved telecommunications coverage and quality across Canada.
Eliminating unnecessary licensing requirements and continuing to improve site data collection: To reduce overall administrative burden and compliance costs for licensees, ISED will take steps to eliminate reporting requirements for roaming and tower sharing, as well as research and development, by late 2026. ISED will also make ongoing adjustments to better facilitate the collection of site data information which is a fundamental step towards future streamlining initiatives.
Radio licensing modernization: ISED is examining how to streamline technical processes for fixed and land mobile radio licensing, where feasible, and to improve operational efficiency. Initial enhancements are expected in 2026 with a target completion of 2027. More intensive work to streamline and/or automate radio licensing (e.g., streamlining licensing, review of fees and development of self-service portals) is tentatively planned to begin in late 2028.
Supporting the space economy
The Canadian space sector plays a vital role in Canada's economic growth, security and sovereignty, and is poised for growth. ISED is taking steps to ensure that Canadian companies can seize emerging opportunities in space-based technologies, and that spectrum is available to support a growing interest in space services.
Modernizing Canadian space regulation: Canada has long invested in developing its domestic space capabilities and is now recognized globally as a leader in many space technologies. However, industry has raised concerns that outdated, overlapping, or missing rules for space could slow commercialization of new in-space activities in Canada. ISED will begin efforts in 2026 to modernize the regulatory framework for space and will work across government to ensure that Canada's framework is purpose-built to facilitate Canadian participation in the new space economy. ISED also recently published SMSE-005-26, Decision on Changes to Licensing Requirements and Conditions of Licence on Space Debris Mitigation. The release of this Decision is an important step in managing the risks associated with the increase of space objects, particularly in low-Earth orbit (LEO).
Ensuring the space sector's spectrum needs are met: As the space sector grows beyond satellite communications, so does the demand for spectrum for both existing and new space activities. ISED is reviewing its current satellite spectrum framework to ensure it will support the operations of an expanding space sector, including growing interest in space launch and emerging space applications and services such as in-space servicing, assembly and manufacturing (ISAM).
Supporting universal connectivity through direct to device availability: Canada's Connectivity Strategy aims to make universal broadband available to all Canadians by 2030 and to improve mobile wireless access where Canadians live and work. Direct to Device (D2D) services could help close mobile wireless coverage gaps, particularly along roads and highways, and make telecommunications more reliable. in May 2026, ISED launched a SMSE-008-26, Preliminary consultation on Mobile Satellite Service Developments and the Use of L and S Band Spectrum. This inquiry seeks information from industry on trends and developments in mobile satellite services, including Internet of Things (IoT) and D2D services, and poses a number of questions on the demand, spectrum sharing and the need for sovereign capabilities.
Spectrum releases: updated timelines
Supporting investment in 5G and 6G services with mmWave spectrum: Fast, high-capacity spectrum is needed for advanced fifth generation (5G) and future sixth generation (6G) services in urban, rural and remote areas, as well as to support innovative uses like industrial automation and private networks. That is why ISED has announced that an auction for mmWave spectrum will take place in late 2027. Further, ISED is planning to open the non-competitive local licensing (NCLL) process for 28 GHz in late 2026 and is planning to make 26 GHz NCLL available following the mmWave auction process. These measures will boost connectivity, spur innovation and competition, and support long-term growth in digital infrastructure.
Implementing the "use it or lose it" approach to spectrum through the Access Licensing Framework: ISED will provide new users with access to licensed, but currently unused, spectrum through the Access Licensing Framework. The framework encourages licensees to use their spectrum to expand coverage, or give it to someone who will. In summer 2026, Indigenous applicants will have priority access to the unused 800 MHz and 1900 MHz licences, through an Indigenous Priority Window. The general application window will open to all parties in 2027.
Responding to international developments: ISED is monitoring international spectrum developments to ensure Canada's policies remain effective and competitive. In January 2026, ISED launched a band plan consultation for Broadband Radio Service (BRS) in the 2500-2690 MHz band. With the increasing deployment of 5G, differences between Canadian and United States (U.S.) band plans have led to growing interference and coordination challenges along the border. This consultation responds to stakeholders' calls to consider harmonizing band plans, enabling greater use of the band for 5G and future 6G technologies, better cross-border coordination, and providing access to a broader equipment ecosystem.
Additionally, ISED is closely monitoring recent spectrum allocation decisions by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) in the U.S., including upcoming auction commitments for upper C-Band (3980-4200 MHz), to help ensure that Canadian policies and regulations remain aligned when it is in the best interests of Canadians.
Finally, ISED is actively participating in the work that is well underway at the International Telecommunication Union Radiocommunication Sector (ITU-R) to develop the international mobile telecommunications (IMT) vision for 2030 and beyond. This work is expected to be the basis for the 6G of mobile network technology, and ISED is active in ITU-R discussions, leading the World Radiocommunication Conference 2027 (WRC-27) related to possible new spectrum allocations for IMT.
6G is expected to enable broader network coverage and support higher mobile data speeds by using a wide range of frequency bands (including low, mid and high bands), advanced technologies such as AI-driven network optimization, non-terrestrial networks and integrated sensing. As a result, 6G will be the next step in continuing to close the digital divide and promote digital inclusion by extending high-quality, high-speed mobile connectivity to everyone, including those in the most rural and remote parts of Canada.
Annex A - Updates to the potential frequency bands for future release and/or consultation
ISED regularly monitors domestic and international developments and alters its priorities and spectrum plans accordingly. Figure 1 below provides an overview of each band ISED plans to release, consult on, or monitor from now until the end of 2027, grouped into three priorities:
- Priority 1 bands: scheduled for release and/or consultation in 2026‑2027
- Priority 2 bands: ISED may begin policy, technical, and coordination work in 2026‑2027, with possible release depending on international developments and equipment availability
- Priority 3 bands: will be monitored due to ongoing uncertainty
Figure 1: ISED spectrum priorities, 2023-2027
| Status | Potential service / application | Band | Current status | Next steps |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| In progress | Satellite (MSS) | MSS in S-Band and L-Band 1525-1559 MHz and 1626.5-1660.5 MHz 1610.5-1626.5 and 2483.5-2500 MHz 2000-2020 MHz and 2180-2200 MHz (AWS-4) 2020-2025 MHz |
ISED published the Preliminary consultation on Mobile Satellite Service Developments and the Use of L and S Band Spectrum in May 2026. | ISED will review the comments received for this preliminary consultation to determine whether changes may be needed to the policy, technical and licensing framework for MSS. |
| In progress | Flexible use | 2500-2690 MHz (2500 MHz / Broadband Radio Service (BRS)). |
In January 2026, ISED published the Consultation on the Revisions to the 2500-2690 MHz Band Plan to revise the band plan, as well as a preliminary consultation on the transition to a new band plan. | ISED will publish a decision on changes to the 2500 MHz band plan and, if required, begin consulting on the transition process. |
| In progress | Flexible use | 24.25-25.1 GHz (26 GHz NCLL) | In March 2025, ISED published the Consultation on the 26 GHz and 38 GHz Bands. In May 2026, ISED published the Decision on Repurposing the 26 GHz Band. |
ISED intends to publish a decision on applying the NCL Licensing Framework to the 24.25-25.1 GHz band. ISED intends to open the 26 GHz NCL licensing after the mmWave auction. |
| In progress | Flexible use | 27.5-28.35 GHz (28 GHz NCLL) |
In March 2025, ISED published the Addendum to the Non-Competitive Local Licensing Framework to include Spectrum in the 27.5-28.35 GHz Band. In July 2025, ISED published the Flexible Use Broadband Equipment Operating in the Band 27.5-28.35 GHz – which set out the certification requirements for flexible use broadband equipment, used in fixed and/or mobile services. In September 2025, ISED published the Technical Requirements for Non-Competitive Local Licensed Systems, including Fixed and/or Mobile Systems, and Flexible Use Broadband Systems, in the Band 27.5-28.35 GHz. |
ISED is planning to open the non-competitive local licensing (NCLL) process for 28 GHz in late 2026. |
| In progress | Flexible use | mmWave auction bands: 25.1-27.5 GHz (26 GHz) 37.6-40 GHz (38 GHz) |
In May 2026, ISED published the Policy and Licensing Framework for Spectrum in the 26 GHz and 38 GHz Bands. | mmWave auction is planned for October 19, 2027 - see Table of Key dates. |
| In progress | Aeronautical mobile and aeronautical mobile | 5030-5091 MHz (5 GHz RPAS) |
In December 2025, ISED published the Consultation on a Policy, Licensing and Technical Framework for Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems (RPAS) in the 5030-5091 MHz Band and Certain Bands Used to Provide Commercial Mobile Services. | ISED intends to publish a Decision by late 2026. |
| In progress | Fixed and mobile | 5895-5925 MHz (5.9 GHz ITS) |
In December 2022, ISED published the Decision on the Technical and Policy Framework for Radio Local Area Network Devices in the 5850-5895 MHz Frequency Band and for Intelligent Transportation Systems in the 5895-5925 MHz Frequency Band. | ISED is developing the consultation related to the licensing framework for ITS roadside units. |
| Status | Potential service / application | Band(s) | Current status | Next steps |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| In progress | Flexible use | 897.5-900.5 MHz and 936.5-939.5 MHz (900 MHz) |
In January 2024, ISED published the Decision on New Access Licensing Framework, Changes to Subordinate Licensing and White Space to Support Rural and Remote Deployment. This decision made the 900 MHz band available through the access radio licensing framework for fixed and mobile use in unused rural and remote areas. ISED published the Technical Requirements for Land Mobile and Fixed Radio Services, Including Broadband Systems, in the Bands 896-901 MHz and 935-940 MHz in August 2024, replacing the interim licensing process that was launched in the Access Licensing consultation. On February 16, 2026, the FCC adopted new rules that will allow broadband deployment in the 896-901 MHz and 935-940 MHz bands, providing enhanced spectrum capacity to meet a wider range of broadband needs. |
ISED has been monitoring the changes in the U.S., which increased the amount of spectrum available for broadband services to 10 MHz. ISED is reviewing the future use of the band. |
| In progress | Flexible use | 37-37.6 GHz | ISED published SLPB-003-19, Decision on Releasing Millimetre Wave Spectrum to Support 5G, in June 2019. This decision deferred to a later date for the development of a band plan in the 37-37.6 GHz portion of the 38 GHz band. Through the U.S.' National Spectrum Strategy, the NTIA indicated that this band will be studied further to implement a co-equal, shared-use framework to allow federal and non-federal users to deploy operations in the band. |
ISED will continue to monitor U.S. developments and will release a consultation on a band plan for the 37-37.6 GHz portion of the 38 GHz band once there is greater certainty regarding the international use. |
| In progress | Backhaul | 92-114.25 GHz and 130-174.8 GHz | ISED published the Decision on the Technical and Policy Framework for the Frequency Bands Above 95 GHz, in December 2022, which decided that in the future, ISED will consult on enabling licensed backhaul in these bands and the associated licensing framework. | ISED will monitor developments in other jurisdictions and advancements in technology and further consult when appropriate on licensed backhaul in these bands and the associated licensing framework. |
| Status | Potential service / application | Band(s) | Current status | Next steps |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| On hold | Flexible use | 1427-1518 MHz (L-band) |
ISED is monitoring the equipment ecosystem and reviewing feasibility for deployment in Canada. | ISED will continue its review of this band, including the potential to allow for commercial mobile services. |
| Monitoring | TBD | 1675-1710 MHz 2690-2900 MHz 3980-4200 MHz (upper C-band) 4400-4940 MHz 7125-7400 MHz 7400-8400 MHz 14.8-15.35 GHz |
The U.S. has announced a target of releasing 800 MHz of mid-band spectrum by 2033 and is currently studying various bands. In November 2025, the FCC published FCC 25-78 NPRM Upper C-band (3.98–4.2 GHz) which proposes to further expand the ecosystem for next generation wireless services by making as much as 180 MHz of the Upper C-band available for terrestrial wireless flexible use via a system of competitive bidding. WRC-27 Agenda Item 1.7 focuses on identifying new spectrum for International Mobile Telecommunications (IMT), specifically studying the frequency bands 4.4–4.8 GHz, 7.125–8.4 GHz and 14.8–15.35 GHz. |
ISED will monitor relevant international developments. |
| Monitoring | Flexible use | 1915-1920 MHz, 1995-2000 MHz (AWS-2) |
The 2018 Outlook designated AWS-3 unpaired / AWS-2 as Priority 3. Through the 2023 Outlook, ISED decided to separate the bands and leave the AWS-2 portion as Priority 3. | ISED will consider developments as they occur and assess its approach to the band as new information becomes available. |
| On hold | Flexible use | 3.1-3.45 GHz | The 2023 Outlook designated the 3.1-3.45 GHz band as Priority 3. The band is currently allocated to the radiolocation service. Recent legislation in the United States has specifically excluded 3.1-3.45 GHz band from FCC Auction, keeping it solely for defense use to protect national security. |
ISED will monitor relevant international developments, in particular those in the U.S. |
| Monitoring | Flexible use | 4940-4990 MHz (4.9 GHz) |
The 4940-4990 MHz band is currently designated for public safety mobile use in Canada. The 2023 Outlook, designated this band as Priority 3 after considering the current usage of this band in Canada as well as related developments in the US, such as the report and order and further notice of proposed rulemaking on the 4.9 GHz band published in January 2023. |
ISED will monitor international developments for this band and assess its approach to the band as new information becomes available. |
| Monitoring | Flexible use | 40-43.5 GHz | The 40-43.5 GHz band was identified for the terrestrial component of IMT at WRC-19 for use worldwide, noting the use in Region 2 of high-density fixed satellite service (HDFSS) in the 40-42 GHz band. WRC-19 adopted Resolution 243 with measures to ensure the coexistence with HDFSS. In June 2023, the FCC published a Notice of Proposed Rulemaking to consider innovative sharing models in the 42-42.5 GHz range, and the protection of radioastronomy services in the adjacent 42.5‑43.5 GHz. 40-42 GHz has been designated for satellite use. |
ISED will monitor relevant international developments, in particular those in the U.S. ISED will then assess which part of the 40-43.5 GHz range, if any, could be made available for 5G, and when taking HDFSS in 40-42 GHz into account. |
| On hold | Flexible use | 47.2-48.2 GHz | The 47.2-48.2 GHz band was identified for the terrestrial component of IMT at WRC-19 in Region 2, and in some countries of Regions 1 and 3. WRC-19 adopted Resolution 243 with coexistence requirements. In early 2020, this band was auctioned for 5G in the U.S. | ISED will assess when, and for, which services the 47.2-48.2 GHz band could be made available. |
| On hold | Backhaul | 71-76 GHz (70 GHz) 81-86 GHz (80 GHZ) 92-95 GHz (90 GHz) |
These bands are currently available for backhaul use through site licensing. ISED is initiating internal studies and will consider whether changes to the licensing framework are required. | ISED may publish a consultation on an updated licensing framework for these bands, based on the outcome of other consultation processes. |
| Status | Potential service / application | Band(s) | Current status | Next steps |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Completed | Flexible use | 3650-3900 MHz (3800 MHz) | The auction for flexible-use spectrum licences in the 3800 MHz band was completed on November 24, 2023. | - |
| Completed | Flexible use | 3900-3980 MHz (3900 MHz) |
ISED published SPB-001-23, Decision on a Non-Competitive Local Licensing Framework, Including Spectrum in the 3900-3980 MHz Band and Portions of the 26, 28 and 38 GHz bands. ISED began licensing the 3900 MHz band through the Non-Competitive Local Licensing (NCLL) Framework in May 2025. |
ISED is monitoring the demand and reviewing if any further changes are required to the NCLL rules. |
| Completed | Flexible use | Certain bands used to provide commercial mobile services | In February 2025, ISED published its Decision on a Policy, Licensing and Technical Framework for Supplemental Mobile Coverage by Satellite allowing bands allocated to flexible use and/or commercial mobile services to support the expansion of coverage via satellite. | ISED will continue to monitor developments and intends to update elements of this framework as technologies evolve and pending regulatory advancements around the world. |
| Completed | Licence-exempt | 5850-5895 MHz (5.9 GHz LE) |
In December 2022, ISED published SMSE-012-22, Decision on the Technical and Policy Framework for Radio Local Area Network Devices in the 5850-5895 MHz Frequency Band and for Intelligent Transportation Systems in the 5895-5925 MHz Frequency Band. | - |
| Completed | Backhaul | 21.2-21.8 GHz and 22.4-23 GHz (extended 23 GHz) |
In December 2025, ISED published Decision on the Policy, Technical and Licensing Framework for the Use of the Frequency Bands 21.2 – 21.8 GHz and 22.4 – 23.0 GHz by Fixed Services. | - |
| Completed | Licence-exempt | 116-122.25 GHz, 122.25-123 GHz, 174.8-182 GHz, 185-190 GHz and 244-246 GHz (above 95 GHz) |
ISED published the Decision on the Technical and Policy Framework for the Frequency Bands Above 95 GHz, in December 2022. | When suitable, ISED will consult further on the licensing framework for backhaul use above 95 GHz. |